This is what is meant by ‘housing cost overburden rate’…. ![]() Such overburden threatens the security and wellbeing of the household. When a household’s housing expenditure exceeds a certain threshold, established at 40 per cent of household revenue, the burden of this expenditure is considered excessive. These two policies allow poor French households to pay less than other Europeans for housing. In the French rental sector, the first factor to prevent evictions is the existence of a large social housing stock comprising 4 million dwellings, 18 per cent of the total houing?stock and individual allowances calculated at EUR17.7 billion in 2005, reaching20 per cent of the population. Banks are reluctant to lend money as they can be found responsible for the risk, which may go toward explaining the low level of repossession in France, compared to other EU countries. Having regard to repossession, the main prevention policy stems from World War II, to make banks responsible for ‘irrelevant lending’. The issues of migration and refugees are two sensitive topics, on the political agenda, but too emotional to be managedin an effective way. This issue is very evident on the public space of major cities, revealing terrible living situations, linked to migration and refugees. In t same year, 150 forced evictions took place involving 13000 individuals. In 2014, the national administration (Dihal) calculated 400 -500 slums, where 17000 to 20000 people were living. The phenomenon became more widespread / extensive (, despite the number of shelters opened. In the late nineties Roma people and people from former Yougoslavia began to live in squats and slums, at a time when there was a peak of migration in France because of a civil war in Algeria. ![]() Between 19, a range of legal initiatives and administrative tools were established in order to “substitute a logic of social care to a logic of public order”, according to Louis Besson, the French Housing Minister at that time.Īt the same time, over the past two decades?, France has been confronted with a re-emergence of squats and slums. In the late 1990s the prevention of evictions was a topic on the political agenda. General housing policy related to evictionsįor decades, forced evictions in France have affected mainly poor tenants and there have been very few repossessions?. Evictions in Franc do not often lead to homelessness, but the homeless have often experience an eviction. France ranking on arrears is 4th in the EU, with 21,7 per cent of poor tenants in arrears, (EU average: 37,4 per cent), whereas France is only 25th on forced eviction, with 0,24 percent of the population evicted (EU average: 0,14 per cent). ![]() This leads to a “French paradox”: here is a country where poor households are far less cost overburden than other European countries, but are more often in rent arrears, more often evicted through a long processin comparison with other EU countries?. Padraïc Kenna)įrance is an interesting country as it continues in quite a classic welfare state model, with extensive systemic tools including substantial borrowers rights, tenants’ rights, demanders rights under Roman law, allowances, a broad social housing stock and an obsession for universal equality, not always favourable to the best development for specific targeted policies.Įvictions are one of these phenomenon, that systemic policies ought to prevent and that targeted measures are supposed to solve.As specific measures, such as fund dedicated to subsidizearrears, meeting proposal bu social workers, local commissions to prevent evictions failed to to challenge the rise of evictions, France has witnessed an increase in evictions over the past two decades. A Comparative Political and Legal Examination. Pour la publication Loss of Homes and Eviction Across Europe. ![]() Sans doute mon article le plus sérieux, « revue par les pairs » oblige… mais en Anglais.
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